Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science
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https://doi.org/10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.323
Husniati Husniati
Berna Elya
Muhammad Hanafi
Alfi Khatib
Winni Nur Auli
Nina Artanti
Anastasia Fitria Devi
Teni Ernawati
Rizqiya Astri Hapsari
Oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species is critical in the progressing of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Thus, early intervention using plant-derived secondary metabolites with antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory (AGI) activities is essential for adequate glycemic control. Pometia pinnata has demonstrated antidiabetic potential, though scientific evidence remains limited. This study aimed to determine the in vitro antioxidant and AGI activities of P. pinnata extracts (fruit peel, root bark, and stem bark). Metabolites from selected stem bark extracts were identified via LC-HRMS and further validated through molecular docking. Sequential maceration using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water was employed to obtain extracts. Ethyl acetate extracts of stem and root bark showed significantly higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents with higher antioxidant activity than other solvent extracts. The stem bark extract yielded the highest compound content (2.74%) and AGI activity (62.78 ± 0.85% inhibition at 15 μg/mL), outperforming the standard drug acarbose (14.66% at the same dose). LC-HRMS profiling of the stem bark extract identified 26 metabolites, with cianidanol exhibiting the strongest binding affinity (ΔG°bind = –7.63 kcal/mol) in molecular docking, surpassing acarbose (–2.51 kcal/mol). These findings confirm the presence of bioactive compounds in P. pinnata that contribute to α-glucosidase inhibition and are correlated with antioxidant capacity.
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