Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science
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https://doi.org/10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.378
Nur Anisa
Berry Juliandi
Silmi Mariya
Kanthi Arum Widayati
Tri Heru Widarto
Sandoricum koetjape (Burm. f.) Merr. is a tropical medicinal plant traditionally used in Southeast Asia; however, information on the metabolite composition and biological properties of its bark remains limited. This study aimed to characterize the metabolite profile of S. koetjape bark extracts obtained using solvents of different polarity and to conduct an initial evaluation of their biological activities. Bark samples collected from Pekanbaru, Indonesia, were extracted using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol, and then followed by LC-MS/MS analysis. A total of 56 metabolites were identified, with triterpenoid-type compounds predominating in the ethyl acetate and ethanolic extracts, while sesquiterpenoid constituents were more characteristic of the n-hexane extract. Antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH radical scavenging assay, revealing that the ethanolic extract exhibited the strongest activity (IC₅₀ = 32.53 µg mL⁻¹), followed by the ethyl acetate extract (IC₅₀ = 103.73 µg mL⁻¹), while the n-hexane extract showed negligible activity within the tested range. Initial toxicity screening using the brine shrimp lethality test indicated that the ethanolic extract demonstrated higher toxicity (LC₅₀ = 94.93 µg mL⁻¹) compared with the other extracts. Overall, this study provides baseline phytochemical and preliminary biological data on S. koetjape bark extracts, highlighting solvent-dependent metabolite profiles and initial bioactivity patterns. These findings support further targeted pharmacological and mechanistic investigations of bioactive constituents from this plant.
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