Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science
##plugins.themes.gdThemes.journalSlogan##
Scopus CiteScore 2024
4.8
Calculated on 05 May, 2025
SJR 2024
0.31
Powered by scimagojr.com
##plugins.themes.gdThemes.journalSlogan##
4.8
Calculated on 05 May, 2025
0.31
Powered by scimagojr.com
https://doi.org/10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.304
Christian Wiradendi Wolor
Samsul Hadi
Heru Wahyu Herwanto
Ayatulloh Michael Musyaffi
Wong Chee Hoo
Mahmoud Ali Rababah
Green leadership plays a critical role in promoting sustainable practices within organizations, particularly in micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) that contribute significantly to national economies. This study examines the influence of environmental transformational leadership (ETL) on organizational sustainability performance (OSP), while also considering the mediating roles of environmental organizational citizenship behavior (EOCB) and green behavior at work (GBW). Using a quantitative method and SEM-PLS analysis of responses from 200 MSME employees in Indonesia, the findings show that ETL significantly enhances both GBW and OSP. However, ETL does not directly impact EOCB, indicating that voluntary environmental behavior may depend more on intrinsic motivation or workplace culture. In contrast, both GBW and EOCB positively affect OSP, highlighting the role of individual environmental initiatives in organizational sustainability. These results suggest that while leadership is essential, fostering a culture that supports voluntary green behaviors is equally important. The study offers theoretical insights and practical recommendations for embedding sustainability into leadership strategies, organizational culture, and employee engagement.
[1] J. Berniak-Wozny and M. Rataj. (2023). "Towards Green and Sustainable Healthcare: A Literature Review and Research Agenda for Green Leadership in the Healthcare Sector". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 20 (2). 10.3390/ijerph20020908.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20020908[2] A. R. M. Shaivudi and R. W. Pahlevi. (2023). "Implementasi Knowledge Management System Pada UMKM Di Kota Salatiga (Studi Kasus Pak Kun Frozen Food Dusun Ngepos)". Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, Bisnis dan Akuntansi. 2 (4): 453-462.
[3] M. Famiola and A. Wulansari. (2019). "SMEs’ social and environmental initiatives in Indonesia: an institutional and resource-based analysis". Social Responsibility Journal. 16 (1): 15-27. 10.1108/srj-05-2017-0095.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-05-2017-0095[4] B. F. Daily, J. W. Bishop, and N. Govindarajulu. (2008). "A Conceptual Model for Organizational Citizenship Behavior Directed Toward the Environment". Business & Society. 48 (2): 243-256. 10.1177/0007650308315439.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0007650308315439[5] J. Elkington. (2007). "Partnerships from cannibals with forks: The triple bottom line of 21st‐century business". Environmental Quality Management. 8 (1): 37-51. 10.1002/tqem.3310080106.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/tqem.3310080106[6] B. M. Bass and B. Avolio. (1994). "Improving Organizational Effectiveness through Transformational Leadership". SAGE Publications, California.
[7] C. P. Egri and S. Herman. (2000). "Leadership in the North American Environmental Sector: Values, Leadership Styles, and Contexts of Environmental Leaders and Their Organizations". Academy of Management Journal. 43 (4): 571-604. 10.2307/1556356.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1556356[8] S. Mittal and R. L. Dhar. (2016). "Effect of green transformational leadership on green creativity: A study of tourist hotels". Tourism Management. 57 : 118-127. 10.1016/j.tourman.2016.05.007.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2016.05.007[9] X. Liu and X. Yu. (2022). "Green transformational leadership and employee organizational citizenship behavior for the environment in the manufacturing industry: A social information processing perspective". Frontiers in Psychology. 13 : 1097655. 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1097655.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1097655[10] S. Althnayan, A. Alarifi, S. Bajaba, and A. Alsabban. (2022). "Linking Environmental Transformational Leadership, Environmental Organizational Citizenship Behavior, and Organizational Sustainability Performance: A Moderated Mediation Model". Sustainability. 14 (14). 10.3390/su14148779.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su14148779[11] A. Butt, Z. Arshad, and U. Butt. (2024). "The Impact of Green Transformational Leadership on Sustainable Performance in Pakistan’s Manufacturing Sector: The Mediation Effect of Green Innovation". Qlantic Journal of Social Sciences. 5 (3): 137-151. 10.55737/qjss.597193536.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.55737/qjss.597193536[12] P. Muthukrishnan, E. J. Hendry Salim, L. Fung Lan, T. S. Ming, S. Nair Sukumaran, and L. Mei Yeuan. (2024). "Pedagogical practices for developing a growth mindset: a qualitative study with primary school teachers". Educational Psychology in Practice. 41 (2): 129-149. 10.1080/02667363.2024.2428250.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02667363.2024.2428250[13] S. L. Hart. (1995). "A Natural-Resource-Based View of the Firm". The Academy of Management Review. 20 (4). 10.2307/258963.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/258963[14] F. Saleem, S. Mateou, and M. I. Malik. (2024). "How Green Transformational Leaders Trigger Environmental Performance? Unleashing the Missing Links Through Green Self-Efficacy, Green Empowerment, and Green Training of Employees". Sustainability. 16 (22). 10.3390/su16229982.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su16229982[15] H. Zacher, C. Kühner, I. M. Katz, and C. W. Rudolph. (2024). "Leadership and Environmental Sustainability: An Integrative Conceptual Model of Multilevel Antecedents and Consequences of Leader Green Behavior". Group & Organization Management. 49 (2): 365-394. 10.1177/10596011241229891.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/10596011241229891[16] X. Sun, A. El Askary, M. S. Meo, N. u. A. Zafar, and B. Hussain. (2022). "Green transformational leadership and environmental performance in small and medium enterprises". Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja. 35 (1): 5273-5291. 10.1080/1331677x.2021.2025127.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2021.2025127[17] D. W. Organ. (1988). "Organization ai Citizenship Behavior: The Good Soldier Syndrome". Lexington Books, Lexington.
[18] O. Boiral. (2008). "Greening the Corporation Through Organizational Citizenship Behaviors". Journal of Business Ethics. 87 (2): 221-236. 10.1007/s10551-008-9881-2.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-008-9881-2[19] P. Zientara and A. Zamojska. (2016). "Green organizational climates and employee pro-environmental behaviour in the hotel industry". Journal of Sustainable Tourism. 26 (7): 1142-1159. 10.1080/09669582.2016.1206554.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2016.1206554[20] J. L. Robertson and J. Barling. (2012). "Greening organizations through leaders' influence on employees' pro‐environmental behaviors". Journal of Organizational Behavior. 34 (2): 176-194. 10.1002/job.1820.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/job.1820[21] D. S. Ones and S. Dilchert. (2015). "Environmental Sustainability at Work: A Call to Action". Industrial and Organizational Psychology. 5 (4): 444-466. 10.1111/j.1754-9434.2012.01478.x.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1754-9434.2012.01478.x[22] T. A. Norton, H. Zacher, and N. M. Ashkanasy. (2014). "Organisational sustainability policies and employee green behaviour: The mediating role of work climate perceptions". Journal of Environmental Psychology. 38 : 49-54. 10.1016/j.jenvp.2013.12.008.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2013.12.008[23] H. Tian, J. Zhang, and J. Li. (2020). "The relationship between pro-environmental attitude and employee green behavior: the role of motivational states and green work climate perceptions". Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 27 (7): 7341-7352. 10.1007/s11356-019-07393-z.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-07393-z[24] E. Lamm, J. Tosti-Kharas, and C. E. King. (2014). "Empowering Employee Sustainability: Perceived Organizational Support Toward the Environment". Journal of Business Ethics. 128 (1): 207-220. 10.1007/s10551-014-2093-z.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-014-2093-z[25] A. Kim, Y. Kim, K. Han, S. E. Jackson, and R. E. Ployhart. (2014). "Multilevel Influences on Voluntary Workplace Green Behavior: Individual Differences, Leader Behavior, and Coworker Advocacy". Journal of Management. 43 (5): 1335-1358. 10.1177/0149206314547386.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206314547386[26] J. Barney, M. Wright, and D. J. Ketchen. (2001). "The resource-based view of the firm: Ten years after 1991". Journal of Management. 27 (6): 625-641. 10.1177/014920630102700601.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/014920630102700601[27] C. Gimenez, V. Sierra, and J. Rodon. (2012). "Sustainable operations: Their impact on the triple bottom line". International Journal of Production Economics. 140 (1): 149-159. 10.1016/j.ijpe.2012.01.035.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2012.01.035[28] M. J. Epstein, J. Elkington, and H. B. D. Leonard. (2018). "Making Sustainability Work". 10.4324/9781351280129.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351280129[29] S. Schaltegger, F. Lüdeke-Freund, and E. G. Hansen. (2011). "Business Cases for Sustainability and the Role of Business Model Innovation: Developing a Conceptual Framework". SSRN Electronic Journal. 10.2139/ssrn.2010506.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2010506[30] R. M. Emerson. (1976). "Social Exchange Theory". Annual Review of Sociology. 2 (1): 335-362. 10.1146/annurev.so.02.080176.002003.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.so.02.080176.002003[31] D. R. Wulandaru, A. B. Robani, and Z. V. Putri. (2024). "Can environmental transformational leadership shape organizational citizenship behavior toward the environment in Indonesia?". Asian Management and Business Review. 413-431. 10.20885/AMBR.vol4.iss2.art15.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20885/AMBR.vol4.iss2.art15[32] E. Sánchez‐García, J. V. Montalvo‐Falcón, B. Marco‐Lajara, and J. Martínez‐Falcó. (2024). "Guiding organizations toward sustainable success: The strategic role of leadership in environmental corporate governance in the wine industry". Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management. 31 (6): 6438-6456. 10.1002/csr.2925.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.2925[33] A. Bandura.(1977)." Social Learning Theory". General Learning Press, New York.
[34] K. M. Kura. (2016). "Linking Environmentally Specific Transformational Leadership and Environmental Concern to Green Behaviour at Work". Global Business Review. 17 (3_suppl): 1S-14S. 10.1177/0972150916631069.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150916631069[35] J. Harrison, R. E. Freeman, and M. Cavalcanti Sá de Abreu. (2015). "Stakeholder Theory As an Ethical Approach to Effective Management: applying the theory to multiple contexts". Review of Business Management. 858-869. 10.7819/rbgn.v17i55.2647.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7819/rbgn.v17i55.2647[36] I. Henriques, C. Mouro, and A. P. Duarte. (2024). "Green Organizational Climate’s Promotion of Managers’ Organizational Citizenship Behavior for the Environment: Evidence from the Portuguese Hospitality Context". Sustainability. 16 (22). 10.3390/su16229611.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su16229611[37] M. E. Yoga Antara, I. W. G. Supartha, and I. M. A. Wibawa. (2024). "Workplace Green Behavior in Sustainable Environment: A Comprehensive Review". International Journal of Research and Review. 11 (9): 99-106. 10.52403/ijrr.20240912.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20240912[38] Y. Lubis, S. P. Hernosa, S. Sofiyan, F. R. A. Lubis, S. Syaifuddin, and N. Nasib. (2024). "The role of voluntary green behavior and green performance in promoting sustainability in the hospitality industry". International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences. 11 (10): 218-231. 10.21833/ijaas.2024.10.024.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21833/ijaas.2024.10.024[39] I. Ghozali. (2021). "Partial Least Squares Konsep, Teknik Dan Aplikasi Menggunakan Program SmartPLS 3.2.9 Untuk Penelitian Bisnis (Partial Least Squares Concepts, Techniques and Applications Using the SmartPLS 3.2.9 Program for Business Research)". Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang.
[40] A. C. Michalos. (2014). In: "Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research, ch. Chapter 102084". 3336-3336. 10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_102084.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_102084[41] N. Nursini. (2020). "Micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) and poverty reduction: empirical evidence from Indonesia". Development Studies Research. 7 (1): 153-166. 10.1080/21665095.2020.1823238.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21665095.2020.1823238[42] W. Zhao and L. Huang. (2022). "The impact of green transformational leadership, green HRM, green innovation and organizational support on the sustainable business performance: evidence from China". Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja. 35 (1): 6121-6141. 10.1080/1331677x.2022.2047086.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2022.2047086[43] Z. Hameed, I. U. Khan, T. Islam, Z. Sheikh, and R. M. Naeem. (2020). "Do green HRM practices influence employees' environmental performance?". International Journal of Manpower. 41 (7): 1061-1079. 10.1108/ijm-08-2019-0407.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-08-2019-0407[44] L. M. Graves, J. Sarkis, and Q. Zhu. (2013). "How transformational leadership and employee motivation combine to predict employee proenvironmental behaviors in China". Journal of Environmental Psychology. 35 81-91. 10.1016/j.jenvp.2013.05.002.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2013.05.002[45] Z. Li, J. Xue, R. Li, H. Chen, and T. Wang. (2020). "Environmentally Specific Transformational Leadership and Employee's Pro-environmental Behavior: The Mediating Roles of Environmental Passion and Autonomous Motivation". Frontiers in Psychology. 11 : 1408. 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01408.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01408[46] L. Mi, X. Gan, T. Xu, R. Long, L. Qiao, and H. Zhu. (2019). "A new perspective to promote organizational citizenship behaviour for the environment: The role of transformational leadership". Journal of Cleaner Production. 239. 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118002.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118002[47] A. E. E. Sobaih, A. Hasanein, and I. Elshaer. (2020). "Influences of Green Human Resources Management on Environmental Performance in Small Lodging Enterprises: The Role of Green Innovation". Sustainability. 12 (24). 10.3390/su122410371.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su122410371[48] P. M. Podsakoff, S. B. MacKenzie, J. Y. Lee, and N. P. Podsakoff. (2003). "Common method biases in behavioral research: a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies". Journal of Applied Psychology. 88 (5): 879-903. 10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879[49] J. F. Hair, W. C. Black, B. J. Babin, and R. E. Anderson. (2014). "Multivariate Data Analysis". Pearson New International Edition, Essex.
[50] Y.-S. Chen, C.-H. Chang, and Y.-H. Lin. (2014). "Green Transformational Leadership and Green Performance: The Mediation Effects of Green Mindfulness and Green Self-Efficacy". Sustainability. 6 (10): 6604-6621. 10.3390/su6106604.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su6106604[51] D. T. Kurniawati and M. Margaretha. (2024). "Transformational leadership, quality of work life, and organizational citizenship behavior: Work motivation as mediation". Jurnal Manajemen Maranatha. 24 (1): 45-60. 10.28932/jmm.v24i1.10034.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.28932/jmm.v24i1.10034[52] M. Martoyo and D. Amara. (2024). "Transformational Leadership and Organizational Commitment: Key Drivers of Citizenship Behavior Across Various Climates". Idarah (Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kependidikan). 8 (1): 29-42. 10.47766/idarah.v8i1.3013.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.47766/idarah.v8i1.3013[53] D. A. Ramírez-Altamirano, P. S. Sánchez-Medina, R. Díaz-Pichardo, and M. F. Suárez-Barraza. (2024). "Transformational Environmental Leadership and Corporate Social Responsibility as Triggers of Competitive Advantage and Sustainable Performance in Environmentally Certified Companies in Mexico". Sustainability. 16 (20). 10.3390/su16208884.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su16208884[54] K. M. Kumar and K. Krshunan. (2024). "Organizational Sustainability Practices, Employee Engagement and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: An Employees’ Perspective on their Working Firm". International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences. 14 (11). 10.6007/IJARBSS/v14-i11/23467.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v14-i11/23467[55] S. H. Lo, G. J. Y. Peters, and G. Kok. (2012). "A Review of Determinants of and Interventions for Proenvironmental Behaviors in Organizations". Journal of Applied Social Psychology. 42 (12): 2933-2967. 10.1111/j.1559-1816.2012.00969.x.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2012.00969.x