Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science
##plugins.themes.gdThemes.journalSlogan##
Scopus CiteScore 2024
4.8
Calculated on 05 May, 2025
SJR 2024
0.31
Powered by scimagojr.com
##plugins.themes.gdThemes.journalSlogan##
4.8
Calculated on 05 May, 2025
0.31
Powered by scimagojr.com
https://doi.org/10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.321
Novita Tri Artiningrum
Norma Afiati
Max Rudolf Muskananfola
Pujiono Wahyu Purnomo
Mangroves are highly productive coastal ecosystems that play a critical role in carbon sequestration and climate change mitigation. This study quantified carbon stocks in oceanic mangroves of the Gili Sulat–Lawang Marine Tourism Park, characterized by strong tidal influence and absence of freshwater input. Carbon pools were assessed in living and dead vegetation, as well as soils across three management zones. The biomass and carbon content of living mangrove were estimated using species-specific allometric equations. The dead mangrove carbon pool was estimated based on the biomass of standing dead wood and downed wood. Soil organic matter was analyzed using the loss on ignition method, in which soil samples are combusted at high temperature to determine organic content. The total carbon stock was estimated at 379.137 Mg C/ha, with living vegetation contributing 53.55%, soils 44.26%, and dead biomass 2.19%. The highest carbon stock was recorded in the utilization zone, followed by the core and fisheries zones. These findings highlight the substantial carbon storage potential of oceanic mangroves, emphasizing their relevance to Indonesia’s Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) targets and the importance of incorporating mixed-species restoration strategies to enhance ecosystem resilience and sustainability.
[1] R. Rahman, F. F. Lokollo, G. D. Manuputty, R. D. Hukubun, Krisye, Maryono, M. Wawo, and Y. Wardiatno. (2024). "A review on the biodiversity and conservation of mangrove ecosystems in Indonesia". Biodiversity and Conservation. 33 (3): 875-903. 10.1007/s10531-023-02767-9.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-023-02767-9[2] T. R. Soeprobowati, R. B. Sularto, H. Hadiyanto, S. Puryono, A. Rahim, J. Jumari, and P. Gell. (2024). "The carbon stock potential of the restored mangrove ecosystem of Pasarbanggi, Rembang, Central Java". Marine Environmental Research. 193 : 106257. 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106257.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106257[3] D. M. Alongi. (2014). "Carbon Cycling and Storage in Mangrove Forests". Annual Review of Marine Science. 6 : 195-219. 10.1146/annurev-marine-010213-135020.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-010213-135020[4] D. C. Donato, J. B. Kauffman, D. Murdiyarso, S. Kurnianto, M. Stidham, and M. Kanninen. (2011). "Mangroves Among the Most Carbon-Rich Forests in the Tropics". Nature Geoscience. 4 (5): 293-297. 10.1038/ngeo1123.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1123[5] A. Sadelie, T. Kusumastanto, C. Kusmana, and H. Hardjomidjojo. (2012). "Kebijakan Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Pesisir Berbasis Perdagangan Karbon". Jurnal Hutan dan Masyarakat. 6 (1): 1-11.
[6] B. F. Clough, P. Dixon, and O. Dalhaus. (1997). "Allometric Relationships for Estimating Biomass in Multi-Stemmed Mangrove Trees". Australian Journal of Botany. 45 (6): 1023-1031. 10.1071/BT96075.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/BT96075[7] I. W. S. Dharmawan and L. Pratiwi. (2023). "Implementation of forest-land rehabilitation to support the enhancement of carbon stock on Indonesia's FOLU net sink 2030 strategy". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 1180 (1): 012010. 10.1088/1755-1315/1180/1/012010.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1180/1/012010[8] I. W. G. A. Karang, I. W. Nuarsa, I. G. Hendrawan, N. M. N. B. S. Dewi, P. K. Yasa, and I. M. D. Krisnanda. (2024). "Satellite remote sensing techniques for mapping and estimating mangrove carbon stocks in the small island of Gili Meno, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia". Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity. 25 (9). 10.13057/biodiv/d250941.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d250941[9] R. R. Twilley and J. W. Day. (2013). In: " J. W. Day, Jr., B. C. Crump, W. M. Kemp, and A. Yáñez-Arancibia (Eds) Estuarine Ecology". John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
[10] A. J. Wahyudi and H. Abimanyu. (2017). In: " A. J. Wahyudi (Ed) Menyerap Karbon: Layanan Ekosistem Pesisir untuk Mitigasi Perubahan Iklim". Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press. 23-29.
[11] M. Hilman. (2010). "Synthesis Report: Risk and Adaptation Assessment to Climate Change in Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara Province". Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup, Indonesia.
[12] D. Murdiyarso, J. Purbopuspito, J. B. Kauffman, M. W. Warren, S. D. Sasmito, D. C. Donato, and S. Kurnianto. (2015). "The Potential of Indonesian Mangrove Forest for Global Climate Change Mitigation". Nature Climate Change. 5 : 1089-1092. 10.1038/nclimate2734.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2734[13] I. S. Saliu, B. Satyanarayana, M. A. Bin Fisol, G. Wolswijk, C. Decannière, R. Lucas, V. Otero, and F. Dahdouh-Guebas. (2021). "An accuracy analysis of mangrove tree height mensuration using forestry techniques, hypsometers and UAVs". Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. 248. 10.1016/j.ecss.2020.106971.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2020.106971[14] D. Astiani, Mujiman, and A. Rafiastanto. (2024). "Stand growth and carbon stocks of community-based mangrove rehabilitation in Singkawang City, West Kalimantan, Indonesia". Biodiversitas: Journal of Biological Diversity. 25 (7). 10.13057/biodiv/d250701.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d250701[15] Y. Meng, J. Bai, R. Gou, X. Cui, J. Feng, Z. Dai, X. Diao, X. Zhu, and G. Lin. (2021). "Relationships between above- and below-ground carbon stocks in mangrove forests facilitate better estimation of total mangrove blue carbon". Carbon Balance and Management. 16 (1): 8. 10.1186/s13021-021-00172-9.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13021-021-00172-9[16] M. Basyuni, A. Mubaraq, R. Amelia, A. Wirasatriya, S. B. Iryanthony, B. Slamet, S. S. Al Mustaniroh, N. A. Pradisty, F. Sidik, R. Hanintyo, E. Sumarga, S. H. Larekeng, S. G. Salmo, T. Kajita, H. M. Ali, A. D. Sakti, and V. B. Arifanti. (2025). "Mangrove aboveground biomass estimation using UAV imagery and a constructed height model in Budeng–Perancak, Bali, Indonesia". Ecological Informatics. 86 (Article 103037). 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2025.103037.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2025.103037[17] J. W. Fourqurean, B. Johnson, J. B. Kauffman, H. Kennedy, I. Emmer, J. Howard, E. Pidgeon, and O. Serrano. (2014). In: "Coastal Blue Carbon: Methods for Assessing Carbon Stocks and Emissions Factors in Mangroves, Tidal Salt Marshes, and Seagrasses". The Blue Carbon Initiative. 68-107.
[18] J. Kallarackal and F. Ramírez. (2024). In: "Wood Density: Functional Trait in Plants". Springer International Publishing. 10.1007/978-3-031-61030-1_2.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-61030-1_2[19] I. W. S. Dharmawan and C. A. Siregar. (2008). "Karbon Tanah dan Pendugaan Karbon Tegakan Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh. di Ciasem, Purwakarta". Jurnal Penelitian Hutan dan Konservasi Alam. 5 (4): 317-328. 10.20886/jphka.2008.5.4.317-328.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20886/jphka.2008.5.4.317-328[20] B. F. Clough and K. Scott. (1989). "Allometric Relationships for Estimating Above-Ground Biomass in Six Mangrove Species". Forest Ecology and Management. 27 : 117-127. 10.1016/0378-1127(89)90034-0.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-1127(89)90034-0[21] A. Komiyama, S. Poungparn, and S. Kato. (2005). "Common Allometric Equations for Estimating the Tree Weight of Mangroves". Journal of Tropical Ecology. 21 (4): 471-477. 10.1017/S0266467405002476.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266467405002476[22] A. Kangkuso, S. Sharma, J. Jamili, A. Septiana, I. Sahidin, U. Rianse, S. Rahim, and K. Nadaoka. (2018). "Trends in Allometric Models and Aboveground Biomass of Family Rhizophoraceae Mangroves in the Coral Triangle Ecoregion, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia". Journal of Sustainable Forestry. 37 (7): 691-711. 10.1080/10549811.2018.1453843.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10549811.2018.1453843[23] M. Hossain, M. R. H. Siddique, and S. Saha. (2015). "Allometric Models for Biomass, Nutrients, and Carbon Stock in Excoecaria agallocha of the Sundarbans, Bangladesh". Wetlands Ecology and Management. 23 : 765-774. 10.1007/s11273-015-9419-1.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-015-9419-1[24] A. Kangkuso, J. Jamili, A. Septiana, R. Raya, I. Sahidin, U. Rianse, S. Rahim, A. Alfirman, S. Sharma, and K. Nadaoka. (2016). "Allometric Models and Aboveground Biomass of Lumnitzera racemosa Willd. Forest in Rawa Aopa Watumohai National Park, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia". Forest Science and Technology. 12 (1): 43-50. 10.1080/21580103.2015.1034191.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2015.1034191[25] S. Amira. (2008). "Pendugaan Biomassa Jenis Rhizophora apiculata Bl. di Hutan Mangrove, Batu Ampar, Kabupaten Kubu Raya, Kalimantan Barat". Institut Pertanian Bogor.
[26] C. Kusmana, S. Sabiham, K. Abe, and H. Watanabe. (1992). "An Estimation of Above Ground Tree Biomass of a Mangrove Forest in East Sumatra, Indonesia". Tropics. 1 (4): 243-257. 10.3759/tropics.1.243.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3759/tropics.1.243[27] E. Hilmi. (2003). "Model Penduga Kandungan Karbon Pada Pohon Kelompok Jenis Rhizophora spp. dan Bruguiera spp. dalam Tegakan Hutan Mangrove: Studi Kasus di Indragiri Hilir Riau". Institut Pertanian Bogor.
[28] D. Gevana and S. Im. (2016). "Allometric models for Rhizophora stylosa Griff. in dense monoculture plantation in the Philippines". The Malaysian Forester. 79 (1&2): 39-53.
[29] C. Kusmana, T. Hidayat, T. Tiryana, O. Rusdiana, and Istomo. (2018). "Allometric Models for Above- and Below-Ground Biomass of Sonneratia spp". Global Ecology and Conservation. 15 : e00417. 10.1016/j.gecco.2018.e00417.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2018.e00417[30] M. A. Talan. (2008). "Persamaan Penduga Biomasa Pohon Jenis Nyirih (Xylocarpus granatum Koenig. 1784) dalam Tegakan Mangrove Hutan Alam di Batu Ampar, Kalimantan Barat". Institut Pertanian Bogor.
[31] J. B. Kauffman, C. Heider, J. Norfolk, and F. Payton. (2014). "Carbon Stock of Intact Mangroves and Carbon Emissions Arising from Their Conversion in Dominican Republic". Ecological Applications. 24 (3): 518-527. 10.1890/13-0640.1.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1890/13-0640.1[32] O. Heiri, A. F. Lotter, and G. Lemcke. (2001). "Loss on Ignition as a Method for Estimating Organic and Carbonate Content in Sediments: Reproducibility and Comparability of Results". Journal of Paleolimnology. 25 : 101-110. 10.1023/A:1008119611481.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008119611481[33] G. S. Dheri and G. Nazir. (2021). "A review on carbon pools and sequestration as influenced by long-term management practices in a rice–wheat cropping system". Carbon Management. 12 (5): 559-580. 10.1080/17583004.2021.1976674.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17583004.2021.1976674[34] T. Inoue. (2019). In: " T. Kuwae and M. Hori (Eds) Blue Carbon in Shallow Coastal Ecosystems: Carbon Dynamics, Policy, and Implementation". Springer. 73-99. 10.1007/978-981-13-1295-3_3.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1295-3_3[35] S. D. Sasmito, Y. Kuzyakov, A. A. Lubis, D. Murdiyarso, L. B. Hutley, S. Bachri, D. A. Friess, C. Martius, and N. Borchard. (2020). "Organic Carbon Burial and Sources in Soils of Coastal Mudflat and Mangrove Ecosystems". Catena. 187 : 104414. 10.1016/j.catena.2019.104414.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2019.104414[36] C. C. Pricillia, H. Herdis, and M. P. Patria. (2021). "Environmental Conditions to Support Blue Carbon Storage in Mangrove Forest: A Case Study in Nusa Lembongan, Bali, Indonesia". Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity. 22 (6): 3304-3314. 10.13057/biodiv/d220636.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d220636[37] M. A. Kusumaningtyas, A. A. Hutahaean, H. W. Fischer, M. Pérez-Mayo, D. Ransby, and T. C. Jennerjahn. (2019). "Variability in the Organic Carbon Stocks, Sources, and Accumulation Rates of Indonesian Mangrove Ecosystems". Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. 218 : 310-323. 10.1016/j.ecss.2018.12.007.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2018.12.007[38] T. B. Atwood, R. M. Connolly, H. Almahasheer, P. E. Carnell, C. M. Duarte, C. J. E. Lewis, X. Irigoien, J. J. Kelleway, P. S. Lavery, P. I. Macreadie, O. Serrano, C. J. Sanders, I. Santos, A. D. L. Steven, and C. E. Lovelock. (2017). "Global Patterns in Mangrove Soil Carbon Stocks and Losses". Nature Climate Change. 7 (7): 523-528. 10.1038/nclimate3326.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3326[39] S. Bouillon, A. V. Borges, E. Castañeda-Moya, K. Diele, T. Dittmar, N. C. Duke, E. Kristensen, S. Y. Lee, C. Marchand, J. J. Middelburg, V. H. Rivera-Monroy, T. J. Smith, III, and R. R. Twilley. (2008). "Mangrove Production and Carbon Sinks: A Revision of Global Budget Estimates". Global Biogeochemical Cycles. 22 (2): GB2013. 10.1029/2007GB003052.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GB003052[40] Y. Zamroni and I. Rohyani. (2008). "Produksi Serasah Hutan Mangrove di Perairan Pantai Teluk Sepi, Lombok Barat". Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity. 9 (4): 284-287. 10.13057/biodiv/d090409.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d090409