Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science
Open Access Journal
Scopus CiteScore 2024
4.8
Calculated on 05 May, 2025
SJR 2024
0.31
Powered by scimagojr.com
Open Access Journal
4.8
Calculated on 05 May, 2025
0.31
Powered by scimagojr.com
https://doi.org/10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.299
Eko Risdianto
Rahdi Rahdi
Danny Rizki Nugraha
Mageswaran Sanmugam
Deshinta Arrova Dewi
Hera Anis Kartika
Jeni Fitria
Agus Sumantri
Andi Kristanto
This study aims to develop a cost-effective Arduino-based automatic hybrid camera track mounting system to support hybrid learning environments in educational institutions with limited budgets. Employing a research and development approach based on the ADDIE model, the system was designed, simulated using SolidWorks, and tested in real classroom settings involving 307 students and 40 lecturers from 13 universities in Indonesia. Validation by expert evaluators resulted in an overall feasibility score of 95%, with key indicators such as efficiency (97%), durability (96%), and precision (97%) rated as highly feasible. Mechanical simulations demonstrated the device’s strong structural integrity, with a safety factor exceeding 600, ensuring operational reliability. The developed system provides an affordable, lightweight, and easy-to-assemble solution for hybrid learning implementation, promoting wider access to smart classroom technology and supporting digital transformation in education.
[1] S. Rabani, A. Khairat, X. Guilin, and D. Jiao. (2023). "The Role Of Technology In Indonesian Education At Present". Journal of Computer Science Advancements. 1 (2): 85-91. 10.55849/jsca.v1i1.403.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.55849/jsca.v1i1.403[2] K. Børte and S. Lillejord. (2024). "Learning to teach: Aligning pedagogy and technology in a learning design tool". Teaching and Teacher Education. 148. 10.1016/j.tate.2024.104693.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2024.104693[3] A. Ortega-Arranz, I. Amarasinghe, A. Martínez-Monés, J. I. Asensio-Pérez, Y. Dimitriadis, M. Corrales-Astorgano, and D. Hernández-Leo. (2024). "Collaborative activities in hybrid learning environments: Exploring teacher orchestration load and students’ perceptions". Computers & Education. 219. 10.1016/j.compedu.2024.105105.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2024.105105[4] D. Gudoniene, E. Staneviciene, I. Huet, J. Dickel, D. Dieng, J. Degroote, V. Rocio, R. Butkiene, and D. Casanova. (2025). "Hybrid Teaching and Learning in Higher Education: A Systematic Literature Review". Sustainability. 17 (2). 10.3390/su17020756.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020756[5] M. A. I. Gazi, M. K. Rahman, M. Bin Amin, M. A. Hossain, M. Sultana, A. R. b. S. Senathirajah, and V. Fenyves. (2025). "Dual Aspects of COVID-19 on Facilitating Conditions and Students’ Willingness to Continue Online Learning". Educational Process International Journal. 15 (1). 10.22521/edupij.2025.15.121.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22521/edupij.2025.15.121[6] A. Ebekozien, M. A. Hafez, C. Aigbavboa, M. S. Samsurijan, A. Z. Al-Hasan, and A. N. C. Nwaole. (2024). "Appraising Education 4.0 in Nigeria’s Higher Education Institutions: A Case Study of Built Environment Programmes". Sustainability. 16 (20). 10.3390/su16208878.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su16208878[7] A. Haleem, M. Javaid, M. A. Qadri, and R. Suman. (2022). "Understanding the role of digital technologies in education: A review". Sustainable Operations and Computers. 3 : 275-285. 10.1016/j.susoc.2022.05.004.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susoc.2022.05.004[8] C. Dede and W. Lidwell. (2023). "Developing a Next-Generation Model for Massive Digital Learning". Education Sciences. 13 (8). 10.3390/educsci13080845.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13080845[9] T. A. Ibrahim and J. O. Obinna. (2024). "Strategies for the Effective Implementation of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Colleges of Education, Enugu State". IJOEM Indonesian Journal of E-learning and Multimedia. 3 (3): 139-145. 10.58723/ijoem.v3i3.302.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.58723/ijoem.v3i3.302[10] M. F. Ahmed, M. H. Kabir, and A. Z. M. T. Islam. (2023). "Impact of Feed Point Position on Patch Antenna’s Return Loss and Bandwidth for UWB Applications". Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science. 4 (1): 30-38. 10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.158.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.158[11] X. Wu, W. Wider, L. S. Wong, C. K. Chan, and S. S. Maidin. (2023). "Integrating the technology acceptance model on online learning effectiveness of emerging adult learners in Guangzhou, China". International Journal of Education and Practice. 11 (2): 129-140. 10.18488/61.v11i2.3282.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18488/61.v11i2.3282[12] K. C. Li, B. T. M. Wong, R. Kwan, H. T. Chan, M. M. F. Wu, and S. K. S. Cheung. (2023). "Evaluation of Hybrid Learning and Teaching Practices: The Perspective of Academics". Sustainability. 15 (8). 10.3390/su15086780.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su15086780[13] Y. Arfat, M. K. Shahid, R. S. Al-tayyar, K. Mahmood, and A. Alghamdi. (2025). "Building inclusive learning environment through hybrid learning system: Role of technology and corresponding engagement". Sustainable Futures. 10. 10.1016/j.sftr.2025.100887.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sftr.2025.100887[14] R. Sanchez-Pizani, M. Detyna, S. Dance, and L. Gomez-Agustina. (2022). "Hybrid flexible (HyFlex) seminar delivery – A technical overview of the implementation". Building and Environment. 216. 10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109001.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109001[15] Q. Li, Z. Li, and J. Han. (2021). "A hybrid learning pedagogy for surmounting the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic in the performing arts education". Education and Information Technologies. 26 (6): 7635-7655. 10.1007/s10639-021-10612-1.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10612-1[16] L. Mekacher. (2022). "Education 4.0: Hybrid Learning and Microlearning in a Smart Environment". PUPIL: International Journal of Teaching, Education and Learning. 6 (1): 127-141. 10.20319/pijtel.2022.61.127141.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20319/pijtel.2022.61.127141[17] X. Zhang, Y. Ding, X. Huang, W. Li, L. Long, and S. Ding. (2024). "Smart Classrooms: How Sensors and AI Are Shaping Educational Paradigms". Sensors (Basel). 24 (17). 10.3390/s24175487.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/s24175487[18] A. G. Spatioti, I. Kazanidis, and J. Pange. (2022). "A Comparative Study of the ADDIE Instructional Design Model in Distance Education". Information. 13 (9). 10.3390/info13090402.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/info13090402[19] P. Maharani and D. H. Putri. (2024). "Developing Interactive Learning Media Using Powtoon to Improve Students' Interest and Learning Outcomes in Global Warming Material". IJOEM Indonesian Journal of E-learning and Multimedia. 3 (3): 90-99. 10.58723/ijoem.v3i3.288.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.58723/ijoem.v3i3.288[20] H. Theelen, A. van den Beemt, and P. d. Brok. (2019). "Classroom simulations in teacher education to support preservice teachers’ interpersonal competence: A systematic literature review". Computers & Education. 129 : 14-26. 10.1016/j.compedu.2018.10.015.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2018.10.015[21] R. Luo, J. Li, X. Zhang, D. Tian, and Y. Zhang. (2024). "Effects of applying blended learning based on the ADDIE model in nursing staff training on improving theoretical and practical operational aspects". Frontiers in Medicine (Lausanne). 11 : 1413032. 10.3389/fmed.2024.1413032.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2024.1413032[22] H. A. Kartika, A. Purwanto, and E. Risdianto. (2024). "Development of Physics E-Books Assisted by Flipbook and Augmented Reality (AR) to Increase Learning Motivation of High School Students". Asian Journal of Science Education. 6 (1): 70-81. 10.24815/ajse.v6i1.36294.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24815/ajse.v6i1.36294[23] C. W. Gunawan, E. Risdianto, and D. H. Putri. (2022). "Analysis of Need Response to the Development of E - Magazine on Static Fluid Material at Bengkulu City High School". IJOEM Indonesian Journal of E-learning and Multimedia. 1 (2): 52-61. 10.58723/ijoem.v1i2.50.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.58723/ijoem.v1i2.50[24] C. Premachandra and M. Tamaki. (2021). "A Hybrid Camera System for High-Resolutionization of Target Objects in Omnidirectional Images". IEEE Sensors Journal. 21 (9): 10752-10760. 10.1109/jsen.2021.3059102.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2021.3059102[25] V. Hirschberg, L. Faust, M. Wilhelm, and D. Rodrigue. (2021). "Universal Strain‐Life Curve Exponents for Thermoplastics and Elastomers under Tension‐Tension and Torsion". Macromolecular Materials and Engineering. 306 (8). 10.1002/mame.202100165.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.202100165[26] R. E. Freeman, R. Phillips, and R. Sisodia. (2018). "Tensions in Stakeholder Theory". Business & Society. 59 (2): 213-231. 10.1177/0007650318773750.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0007650318773750[27] Y. Huang and J. Jiang. (2023). "A Critical Review of von Mises Criterion for Compatible Deformation of Polycrystalline Materials". Crystals. 13 (2). 10.3390/cryst13020244.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13020244