Articles in Press are peer reviewed, accepted articles to be published in this publication. These articles contain the authors' corrections. Final citation details, such as volume and/or issue number, publication year, and page numbers, still need to be added, and the text might change before final publication. When the final article is assigned to volumes/issues of the publication, the article in press version will be removed and the final version will appear in the associated published volumes/issues of the publication. The date an article was first made available online will be carried over. Please be aware that, although articles in press do not have all bibliographic details available yet, they can already be cited using the year of online publication and the DOI, as follows: author(s), article title, Publication (year), DOI.

Please consult the journal’s reference style for the exact appearance of these elements, abbreviation of journal names and use of punctuation.

Issue in Progress, The continuous publication model in the Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science. This means that as soon as an article is ready to be published, it is immediately released online rather than waiting for other articles in the issue to be completed, resulting in faster access to the final version of the article.

Issues build gradually, with articles being added to the contents list as soon as they are ready. The ‘issue in progress’ is the issue that is open and that we are adding new articles to as soon as they are ready to be published. We are committed to making research available to the community as quickly as possible, which is beneficial for both readers and authors.

In this issue (Vol 6 No 1 (2026)), All of the published articles were authored/co-authored by 223 authors from 77 Institutions, i.e. Mindanao State University (Philippines); University of the Philippines (Philippines); De LaSalle University (Philippines); University of the Philippines Los Baños (Philippines); University of New South Wales (Australia); Natural History Museum (United Kingdom); Higher Institute for Commercial Sciences (Egypt); Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) (Saudi Arabia); Higher Institute of Administrative Sciences (Egypt); Mansoura University  (Egypt); Universitas Sebelas Maret (Indonesia); Mercu Buana Yogyakarta University (Indonesia); Wageningen University and Research (Netherlands); University of Mosul (Iraq); Ubon Ratchathani University (Thailand); Thammasat University (Thailand); University of Phayao (Thailand); Naresuan University (Thailand); Universitas Gadjah Mada (Indonesia); Universitas Islam Indonesia (Indonesia); Institut Tekonologi Bandung (Indonesia); Universitas Sumatera Utara (Indonesia); Universitas Hasanuddin (Indonesia); Institut Teknologi Sumatera (Indonesia); Universitas Siliwangi (Indonesia); University of Lampung (Indonesia); Chungnam National University (Republic of Korea); Korea Institute of Energy Research (Republic of Korea); National Forestry School of Engineers (ENFI) (Morocco); Hassan 1st University (Morocco); Water and Forests National Agency (CIRF-ANEF) (Morocco); University of Sultan Moulay Slimane (Morocco); Mohammed V University (Morocco); Hassan II University (Morocco); Ibn Tofail University (Morocco); Dryland Agronomic Research Center (Morocco); Azerbaijan Medical University (Azerbaijan); Western Caspian University (Azerbaijan); Paranaque City College (Philippines); Universitas Diponegoro (Indonesia); University of Mataram (Indonesia); Samarkand State University (Uzbekistan); Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (Malaysia); Termez State University of Engineering and Agrobiotechnology (Uzbekistan); Universitas Indonesia (Indonesia); National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) (Indonesia); University of Pancasila (Indonesia); International Islamic University Malaysia (Malaysia); EBM SciTech (Indonesia); Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Lampung (Indonesia); Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia (Indonesia); Belitung Regency Health Office (Indonesia); Jambi University (Indonesia); Bengkulu University (Indonesia); Padjadjaran University (Indonesia); IPB University (Indonesia); Airlangga University (Indonesia); Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang (Indonesia); The University of Jember (Indonesia); Sejong University (Republic of Korea); CMR University (India); Bangalore Institute of Technology (India); REVA University (India); Parahyangan Catholic University (Indonesia); Universitas Palangka Raya (Indonesia); Universitas Ma’arif Lampung (Indonesia); Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Raden Fatah Palembang (Indonesia); National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest (Romania); Cairo University (Egypt); Beni Suef Specialized Hospital (Egypt); Universitas Pattimura (Indonesia); Universitas Khairun (Indonesia); Universitas Bima Internasional MFH (Indonesia); Universitas Hamzanwadi (Indonesia); Yogyakarta State University (Indonesia); Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Senior Medan (Indonesia); Universitas Prima Indonesia (Indonesia).

In this issue (Vol 5 No 3 (2025)), All of the published articles were authored/co-authored by 134 authors from 57 Institutions, i.e. Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University (Indonesia); National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN); (Indonesia); Universitas Gadjah Mada (Indonesia); Universitas Wahid Hasyim (Indonesia); Universitas Padjadjaran (Indonesia); University of Basrah (Iraq); M.Auezov South Kazakhstan University (Kazakhstan); Zhanibekov University (Kazakhstan); Somaiya Vidyavihar University (India); Fragrances & Flavours Association of India (India); V. G. Vaze College Campus, Mumbai-400081 (India); Universitas Hindu Indonesia (Indonesia); Universitas Udayana (Indonesia); Universitas Jambi (Indonesia); Perhimpunan Ahli Epidemiologi Indonesia (Indonesia); Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (United Kingdom); IIHMR University (India); Poornima University (India); St. Xavier's College (India); Samarkand State University (Uzbekistan); Samarkand State Veterinary Medicine, Animal Husbandry and Biotechnology University (Uzbekistan); Bukhara State University (Uzbekistan); Zarmed University (Uzbekistan); Samarkand State Medical University (Uzbekistan); Parahyangan Catholic University (Indonesia); Yudharta University (Indonesia); Brawijaya University (Indonesia); Universitas Syiah Kuala (Indonesia); Universitas Malikussaleh (Indonesia); University of Lampung (Indonesia); Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro (Indonesia); PT Paragon Technology and Innovation (Indonesia); IPB University (Indonesia); Universiti Putra Malaysia (Malaysia); Southern Bukit Barisan National Park (Indonesia); Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (Indonesia); Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau (Indonesia); University Malaysia Sarawak (Malaysia); Brunel University of London (United Kingdom); Imperial College London (United Kingdom); University of Bengkulu (Indonesia); University Sains Malaysia (Malaysia); INTI International University (Malaysia); Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi (Indonesia); Universitas Negeri Surabaya (Indonesia); Airlangga University (Indonesia); Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta (Indonesia); Universitas Muhammadiyah Lamongan (Indonesia); Institut Teknologi Sumatera (Indonesia); Institut Teknologi Bandung (Indonesia); Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (Malaysia); University of Teuku Umar (Indonesia); Universitas Nusa Cendana (Indonesia); Universitas Negeri Jakarta (Indonesia); Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta (Indonesia); Universitas Negeri Malang (Indonesia); Jadara University (Jordan).

In this issue (Vol 5 No 2 (2025)), All of the published articles were authored/co-authored by 121 authors from 41 Institutions, i.e. Universitas Gadjah Mada (Indonesia); Universitas Sebelas Maret (Indonesia); Universitas Indonesia (Indonesia); University of Trisakti (Indonesia); University of Western Australia (Australia); Universitas Andalas (Indonesia); Siemens Healthineers Company (Germany); University of Libya (Libya); Universitas Negeri Jakarta (Indonesia); Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta (Indonesia); Institut Teknologi Sumatera (Indonesia); University of Mosul (Iraq); Lampung University (Indonesia); Universitas Papua (Indonesia); National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), (Indonesia); Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana (UKSW) (Indonesia); Airlangga University (Indonesia); Palangka Raya University (Indonesia); Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Malaysia); National Agency for Water and Forests (CIRF-ANEF) (Morocco); Hassan 1st University (Morocco); Mohammed V University in Rabat (Morocco); Royal Institute of Specialized Water and Forestry Technicians (Morocco); University of Sultan Moulay Slimane (Morocco); Brawijaya University (Indonesia); Universitas Prima Indonesia (Indonesia); Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Senior Medan (Indonesia); Okayama University (Japan); Universitas Padjajaran (Indonesia); Institut Teknologi Bandung (Indonesia); Universitas PGRI Madiun (Indonesia); Baker Hughes (Kuwait); PT Paragon Technology and Innovation (Indonesia); IPB University (Indonesia); University of Cape Coast (Ghana); Pan African University Institute for Basic Sciences, Technology and Innovation (Kenya); Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (Kenya); University of Exeter (United Kingdom); L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University (Kazakhstan); Shakarim University of Semey (Kazakhstan); and Alikhan Bokeikhan University (Kazakhstan).

In this issue (Vol 5 No 1 (2025)), All of the published articles were authored/co-authored by 146 authors from 39 Institutions, i.e.  Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) (Iran); Akademi Farmasi Cendikia Farma Husada (Indonesia); Universitas Padjadjaran (Indonesia); Gilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (Iran); Hasanuddin University (Indonesia); Institut Pendidikan Nusantara Global (Indonesia); Institut Pertanian Bogor (Indonesia); Institut Teknologi Bandung (Indonesia); Institut Teknologi Sumatera (Indonesia); INTI International University (Malaysia); National Taiwan University (Taiwan); Payame Noor University (Iran); Politeknik Media Farma Husada Mataram (Indonesia); Poltava State Agrarian University (Ukraine); PT Gunung Madu Plantations (Indonesia); Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Senior Medan (Indonesia); Universitas Airlangga (Indonesia); Universitas Andalas (Indonesia); Universitas Gadjah Mada (Indonesia); Universitas Hamzanwadi (Indonesia); Universitas Indonesia (Indonesia); Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram (Indonesia); Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim (Indonesia); Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Fatah Palembang (Indonesia); Universitas Lampung (Indonesia); Universitas Ma’arif Lampung (Indonesia); Universitas Maarif Hasyim Latif (Indonesia); Universitas Mathla’ul Anwar (Indonesia); Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya (Indonesia); Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (Malaysia);  Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (Malaysia); University of Mataram (Indonesia); ASTELCO Systems GmbH (Germany); JSC National Center of Space Research and Technology (Kazakhstan); LLP International Educational Corporation (Kazakhstan); National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) (Indonesia); Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Nasional (Indonesia); Way Kambas National Park (Indonesia)

In this issue (Vol 4 No 2 (2024)), All of the published articles were authored/co-authored by 50 authors from 18 Institutions, i.e. Hong Duc University (Vietnam), Southern Federal University (Russia), Bingham University (Nigeria), Federal University of Lafia (Nigeria), Universitas Palangka Raya (Indonesia), Universitas Gadjah Mada (Indonesia), Université Marien Ngouabi (Congo), Institut National de Recherche en Sciences Exactes et Naturelles (Congo), Ministère de l'Energie et des Ressources Hydrauliques (Gabon), University of Yaounde (Cameroon), Institute of Geological and Mining Research (Cameroon), University of the Philippines Manila (Philippines), Kolehiyo ng Lungsod ng Dasmariñas (Philippines), Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar (Indonesia), University of Lampung (Indonesia), State Islamic University Sunan Gunung Djati (Indonesia), Istanbul Technical University (Turkiye), and Universiti Teknologi MARA (Malaysia)

In this issue (Vol 4 No 1 (2024)), All of the published articles were authored/co-authored by 91 authors from 37 Institutions, i.e. Universitas Gadjah Mada (Indonesia), Teuku Umar University (Indonesia), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (Malaysia), IPB University (Indonesia), Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (Bangladesh), University of Rajshahi (Bangladesh), Parahyangan Catholic University (Indonesia), Politeknik ATI Padang (Indonesia), Lampung University (Indonesia), Andalas University (Indonesia), National Institute of Technology (India), Elementary School "Jovan Cvijic" (Serbia), Government College (India), Lukhdhirji Engineering College (India), Vellore Institute of Technology (India), Indira Gandhi National Tribal University (India), Universitas Padjadjaran (Indonesia), Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati (Indonesia), Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (Indonesia), Cakrabuana Institute for Geoinformation, Environment and Social Studies (CIGESS) (Indonesia), University of Palangka Raya (Indonesia), Salatiga State Islamic University (UIN Salatiga) (Indonesia), Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Ananthapur (India), University of Benin (Nigeria), Rubber Research Institute of Nigeria (Nigeria), Universitas Airlangga (Indonesia), Ibn Tofail University (Morocco), University of Tunis El Manar (Tunisia), Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University (Morocco), National Hospital Center (CHN) of Nouakchott (Mauritania), National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) (Indonesia), National University of Science and Technology (Oman), Institut Teknologi Sumatera (ITERA) (Indonesia), STIFAR Yayasan Pharmasi (Indonesia), Institut Teknologi Nasional Malang (Indonesia), Universitas Bakti Tunas Husada (Indonesia), Tanjungkarang Health Polytechnic (Indonesia), and Chulalongkorn University (Thailand).

In this issue (Vol 3 No 2 (2023)), All of the published articles were authored/co-authored by 23 authors from 12 Institutions, i.e. Sylhet Agricultural University (Bangladesh), Universitas Siliwangi (Indonesia), Universitas Indonesia (Indonesia), University Moulay Ismail (Morocco), Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah (Indonesia), Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN) (Indonesia), Fukuoka University (Japan), Universitas Pertamina (Indonesia), Universitas Sebelas Maret (Indonesia), College of Natural Resources (Bhutan), Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang (Indonesia), and Universitas Diponegoro (Indonesia).

In this issue (Vol 3 No 1 (2023)), All of the published articles were authored/co-authored by 25 authors from 16 Institutions, i.e. Federal University of Lafia (Nigeria), Nigeria Defence Academy (Nigeria), Universitas Palangka Raya (Indonesia), Universitas Gadjah Mada (Indonesia), National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (Taiwan), University of MehrAeen (Iran), Guilan University of Medical Sciences (Iran), Gilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (Iran), Kaduna Polytechnic (Nigeria), Ahmadu Bello University (Nigeria), Sylhet Agricultural University (Bangladesh). Mymensingh Commerce College (Bangladesh), Khulna Agricultural University (Bangladesh), Bangladesh Agricultural University (Bangladesh), Lambung Mangkurat University (Indonesia), and Tulang Bawang University (Indonesia).

In this issue (Vol 2 No 2 (2022)), we have processed 14 submitted manuscripts. Five articles were declined after initial review by the editor, two articles were declined after the peer review process, and seven articles were published.

All of the published articles in this issue (7 articles) were authored/co-authored by 25 authors from 11 Institutions, i.e. University G. d'Annunzio (Italy), Tribhuvan University (Nepal), University of Delhi (India), Institut Teknologi Sumatera (Indonesia), PT. Arara Abadi Sinar Mas Forestry (Indonesia), Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (Bangladesh), Institute of Crop Science (China), Sylhet Agricultural University (Bangladesh), Federal University of Lafia (Nigeria), Timber Corporation Nepal (Nepal), and Practical Solutions (Nepal).

In this issue (Vol 2 No 1 (2022)), we have processed 12 submitted manuscripts. One article was declined after initial review by the editor, four articles were declined after the peer review process, and seven articles were published.

All of the published articles in this issue (7 articles) were authored/co-authored by 26 authors from 15 Institutions, i.e. Newgate College of Health Technology (Nigeria), Bingham University Karu (Nigeria), Govt. shahid Akbar Ali Science and Technology College (Bangladesh), Sylhet Agricultural University (Bangladesh), Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (Bangladesh), Institute of Crop Science (China), University G. d’Annunzio (Italy), Universitas Ma Chung (Indonesia), Universitas Gadjah Mada (Indonesia), Saga University (Japan), Health Polytechnics Tanjungkarang (Indonesia), University of Lampung (Indonesia), Jahangirnagar University (Bangladesh), University of Chittagong (Bangladesh), and University of PGRI Argopuro Jember (Indonesia).

In this issue (Vol 1 No 2 (2021)), we have processed 14 submitted manuscripts. Three articles was declined after initial review by the editor, four articles was declined after peer review process, and seven articles were published.

All of the published articles in this issue (7 articles) were authored/co-authored by 27 authors from 18 Institutions, i.e. Govt. Shahid Akbar Ali Science and Technology College (Bangladesh), Sylhet Agricultural University (Bangladesh), Khulna Agricultural University (Bangladesh), Jashore University of Science and Technology (Bangladesh), Universitas Ma Chung (Indonesia), Pukyong National University (South Korea), Pavol Jozef Šafárik University (Slovakia), Slovak Academy of Sciences (Slovakia), Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University Lapai (Nigeria), University of the Western Cape (South Africa), Tribhuvan University (Nepal), Cantonment Public College (Bangladesh), The University of Lahore (Pakistan), University of Sargodha (Pakistan), Jahangirnagar University (Bangladesh), Noakhali Science and Technology University (Bangladesh), University of Shiga Prefecture (Japan), and Jichi Medical University School of Medicine (Japan).

In this issue (Vol 1 No 1 (2021)), we have processed 10 submitted manuscripts. One article was declined after initial review by the editor, one article was declined after peer review process, one article was removed after published online (removal notice), and seven articles were published.

All of the published articles in this issue (7 articles) were authored/co-authored by 32 authors from 15 Institutions, i.e. Universitas Ma Chung (Indonesia), Universitas Gadjah Mada (Indonesia), Hokkaido University (Japan), National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (Taiwan), Jamia Millia Islamia (India), Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University of Malang (Indonesia), Sylhet Agricultural University (Bangladesh), Jashore University of Science and Technology (Bangladesh), Agriculture and Forestry University (Nepal), Khulna Agricultural University (Bangladesh), Institute for Islamic Studies Ma’arif Nahdlatul Ulama (IAIMNU) (Indonesia), Islamic State University Raden Fatah (Indonesia), Lampung University (Indonesia), Faletehan University (Indonesia), and University of New South Wales (Australia).