Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science
an Open Access Journal
Scopus CiteScore 2025
2.1
Calculated on 05 May, 2025
SJR 2025
0.25
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an Open Access Journal
2.1
Calculated on 05 May, 2025
0.25
Powered by scimagojr.com
https://doi.org/10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.459
Siti Rodiah
Ratih Rizqi Nirwana
Desti Erviana
Nina Ariesta
Damayanti Iskandar
Hapin Afriyani
Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) is the most extensively investigated photocatalysts, but its high band gap energy limits its photoactivity primarily to the ultraviolet region. This study presents a green approach to enhanced visible-light absorption of TiO₂ by utilizing calcined golden snail shells as a sustainable and low-cost precursor for CaO dopant. The TiO₂-CaO composites were synthesized via a simple loading technique. Characterization confirmed the successful distribution of CaO onto the TiO₂ surface, reducing in the band gap energy of TiO₂ from 3.334 eV to 3.322 eV. This modification substantially broadened the material’s light absorption into the visible spectrum. The optimized composites demonstrated feasible photocatalytic activity for the reduction of CO₂ under simulated solar irradiation with the addition of Clitoria ternatea photosensitizer, achieving initial activity higher than that of pure TiO₂. This work successfully combines the waste-derived CaO, offering a promising, environmentally friendly, and highly effective green material to improved photoresponse under visible light of TiO₂.
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